Rail strikes will go ahead this week after union members voted to reject an offer from Network Rail.
Members of the RMT union will walk out on 13, 14 and 16 and 17 December.
More strikes are planned from 6pm on Christmas Eve to 5.59am on 27 December.
It was expected that the offer would be rejected because the union had recommended members do so.
Nearly two-thirds (64%) voted against the offer. Turnout was 83%.
Mick Lynch, the union’s secretary general, described the result as “a huge rejection of Network Rail’s substandard offer”.
The RMT said the offer included a 5% and 4% pay rise over two years with thousands of job losses, a 50% cut in scheduled maintenance tasks and a 30% increase in unsocial hours.
The rejection “shows that our members are determined to take further strike action in pursuit of a negotiated settlement”, Mr Lynch said.
He blamed the government for the lack of agreement between the union and rail operator.
“The government is refusing to lift a finger to prevent these strikes and it is clear they want to make effective strike action illegal in Britain,” Mr Lynch said.
“We will resist that and our members, along with the entire trade union movement will continue their campaign for a square deal for workers, decent pay increases and good working conditions.”
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Network Rail’s chief executive said the union’s leadership needs to “stop playing politics and work with us” to end the dispute.
Andrew Haines said the rejection was “especially frustrating” because colleagues represented by Unite, a different union, had accepted the same offer.
“Our offer, which is worth over 9%, with a guarantee of compulsory redundancies and no changes to anyone’s terms and conditions remains on the table,” he said.
“Our railway still faces a real financial crisis and because of that, we will continue with the consultation around the implementation of the maintenance reforms.”
The company said it would “work closely with operators to run as many services as possible” but asked passengers to only travel if absolutely necessary.
Huw Merriman, the rail minister, urged the RMT to call off the strikes as he hit out at its leadership for recommending members reject the “generous” offer from Network Rail.
He said when you count those that voted for the deal and those that didn’t vote at all “then you have almost got 50%”.
“We do not believe the RMT leadership are speaking for the workforce, certainly not the passengers, and we want them to take these damaging strikes down so businesses can operate over Christmas, passengers can get to their jobs and there will be a future for the railways”, he added.
Rail workers are just one of a number striking this winter across numerous industries.
As inflation-driven cost of living pressures rise many workers are seeking improvements to pay and conditions.
For the first time in history members of the Royal College of Nursing are set to strike. They’re joined by other emergency workers including ambulance staff, firefighters, doctors.
Similarly members of the Communication Workers Union are continuing their month long strike against Royal Mail.
Transport as a whole is to be disrupted as action takes place by bus workers, baggage handlers, Border Force agents and road workers.
Those in education will be impacted as teachers and lecturers strike.